Technical and scientific analysis of global military strategies in 2024, with precise details and figures, examples and a study of the consequences.

The evolution of asymmetric conflicts

Asymmetrical conflicts, where irregular forces confront regular armies, have seen significant developments in 2024. Modern technologies, in particular drones and cyberwarfare, have radically changed the situation.

Drones in asymmetric conflicts

The use of drones has exploded. Models such as the Turkish Bayraktar TB2, capable of flying at an altitude of 7,620 metres with a range of 27 hours, have proved their effectiveness. They are used for reconnaissance, bombing and kamikaze missions. In Libya, for example, drones were used to upset the balance of power without the need for a direct human presence.

Cyber warfare and critical infrastructures

Cyber warfare has become a major component of conflict. Attacks on critical infrastructure, such as power grids or communications systems, are commonplace. In 2024, the attack on the Ukrainian power grid demonstrated how a well-coordinated cyber attack can paralyse a country. These attacks are often attributed to state actors or state-sponsored groups.

Benefits: The use of drones and cyber warfare reduces human casualties and financial costs while increasing the effectiveness of military operations. They also make it possible to conduct operations remotely, minimising the risks to troops.

Disadvantages: Increased dependence on technology makes armed forces vulnerable to technological countermeasures and cyber attacks. Drones, while effective, can be shot down or jammed, while critical infrastructure can be protected by enhanced cyber security systems.

Consequences: Asymmetric conflicts are now more technological and less predictable. States must invest massively in cybersecurity and anti-drone technologies to protect their infrastructures and populations.

Nuclear deterrence strategies

Nuclear deterrence remains a pillar of the military strategies of many major powers. In 2024, this strategy was strengthened by technological advances and adjusted military doctrines.

Modernisation of nuclear arsenals

The United States, Russia and China have all modernised their nuclear arsenals. Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) such as the Russian RS-28 Sarmat, capable of carrying several nuclear warheads with a range of 18,000 km, are examples of this modernisation. China has also made progress with the DF-41, a mobile ICBM, increasing its second-strike capability.

Missile defence systems

Missile defence systems, such as THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) and the Russian S-400, play a crucial role in deterrence strategy. These systems are designed to intercept and destroy missiles in flight, reducing the threat of nuclear attack. In 2024, improvements to these systems have increased their effectiveness and range.

Benefits: The modernisation of nuclear arsenals and missile defence systems strengthens national security and deters potential adversaries. These measures increase second-strike capability, thus ensuring credible deterrence.

Disadvantages: The development and maintenance costs of nuclear weapons and missile defence systems are extremely high. In addition, the proliferation of these technologies can increase international tensions and the risk of an arms race.

Consequences: Nuclear deterrence and missile defence systems further complicate international relations. States have to navigate in an increasingly complex environment where every action can have major repercussions on global stability.

Integrating artificial intelligence into military strategies

Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in modern military strategies. In 2024, AI is being integrated into a range of applications, from logistics and reconnaissance to strategic planning.

AI and military logistics

AI optimises military logistics by forecasting supply requirements and improving resource management. Systems such as the US Department of Defense’s Joint Artificial Intelligence Center (JAIC) use algorithms to predict fuel, ammunition and spare parts requirements, reducing costs and increasing operational efficiency.

AI and reconnaissance

AI-based reconnaissance systems, such as drones equipped with high-resolution cameras and image recognition software, enable real-time surveillance of conflict zones. These systems can identify targets, analyse troop movements and provide accurate data for strategic decisions. In Syria, for example, the use of reconnaissance drones has made it possible to identify and neutralise enemy positions with greater precision.

Benefits: AI improves the efficiency and accuracy of military operations. It reduces human error and speeds up decision-making processes. In addition, AI can handle huge volumes of data, providing better situational awareness on the ground.

Disadvantages: Dependence on AI exposes armed forces to risks of piracy and sabotage. In addition, AI algorithms can be biased or make unforeseen decisions, posing ethical and operational challenges.

Consequences: The integration of AI into military strategies is profoundly changing the nature of conflict. States must invest in cybersecurity and the ethical development of AI to avoid unforeseen consequences and maintain a strategic advantage.

In 2024, global military strategies are profoundly influenced by technological advances and geopolitical developments. The use of drones and cyber warfare in asymmetric conflicts, the modernisation of nuclear arsenals and missile defence systems, and the integration of artificial intelligence illustrate this transformation. These strategies offer significant advantages, but also present major challenges and risks. States must navigate carefully and invest in cutting-edge technologies to maintain their national security and preserve global stability.

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