Peru invests $3.5 billion to modernize its air force with 24 advanced fighter jets, addressing aging aircraft issues and enhancing national defense.

Peru has launched a major modernization effort for its air force by acquiring 24 new fighter jets. The total cost of this upgrade amounts to $3.5 billion, aimed at replacing its aging fleet of Mirage 2000P/DP and MiG-29 aircraft. The acquisition includes both single-seat and two-seat fighter jets and is part of a broader plan to enhance the nation’s defense capabilities. The deal, spread over two years, covers not only the aircraft but also support systems and training equipment. Peru is looking at offers from the United States, Sweden, and France, with potential industrial cooperation agreements.

The strategic importance of Peru’s investment in air defense

Peru’s decision to invest $3.5 billion in 24 advanced fighter jets marks a significant shift in the country’s air defense capabilities. The current fleet, composed of Mirage 2000P/DP and second-hand MiG-29 jets, is nearly 40 years old, and many aircraft are no longer operational due to maintenance challenges and a lack of spare parts. This issue, compounded by the difficulty in acquiring replacement parts for Russian-made aircraft, has severely impacted the operational capacity of Peru’s air force. The introduction of new fighters will help address these critical gaps in air defense and ensure air superiority for the foreseeable future.

In a rapidly changing geopolitical environment, having an updated fleet is not only a matter of operational efficiency but also of deterrence. Modern fighter jets will enhance Peru’s national security, enabling the country to respond to external threats more effectively and safeguard its airspace. In comparison to other South American countries, Peru’s military spending has been modest, but this investment brings it closer to regional standards in terms of defense capability.

The initial outlay of €1.9 billion ($2 billion) will be made in 2025, with the remaining €1.42 billion ($1.5 billion) to be paid in 2026. This staggered payment plan allows Peru to manage its defense budget while ensuring that the air force gets the resources it needs to modernize.

Three contenders for the fighter jet contract

Peru has identified three key contenders for the fighter jet contract. Each country presents a strong offer, with Lockheed Martin’s F-16V Block 70 from the United States, the Saab JAS 39 Gripen from Sweden, and Dassault’s Rafale F4 from France being the frontrunners. These aircraft represent cutting-edge technology and bring different capabilities to the table.

1. F-16V Block 70 (United States): Known for its combat reliability, the F-16V has been modernized with enhanced avionics and advanced weapons systems. It is widely used by allied nations and offers a cost-effective solution for air superiority.
2. Saab JAS 39 Gripen (Sweden): The Gripen is praised for its maneuverability and multirole capability. It is considered one of the most cost-efficient fighter jets in the world, making it an attractive option for countries with tight defense budgets.
3. Dassault Rafale F4 (France): The Rafale F4 is among the most advanced fighter jets in service, featuring stealth technology and next-generation radar systems. It comes at a higher cost but offers superior performance in both air-to-air and air-to-ground operations.

The final choice will likely hinge on factors such as industrial cooperation, the total cost of ownership, and technology transfer agreements, which could boost Peru’s aerospace industry.

Broader implications for Peru’s military modernization

This fighter jet acquisition is part of a larger effort to modernize Peru’s military capabilities. Over the past decade, the country has added new transport aircraft, tanker planes, and training vehicles to its fleet. Recent acquisitions include two Boeing 737s and two KC-130H Hercules tankers.

Peru’s defense strategy focuses on enhancing its aerial refueling capabilities, improving logistics, and modernizing training programs. By incorporating more advanced technologies, the Peruvian air force can not only increase its operational readiness but also reduce its reliance on foreign contractors for maintenance and support. Additionally, the transfer of technology as part of the new fighter jet deal could lead to local production and maintenance of parts, fostering greater self-sufficiency in military operations.

Addressing national and political concerns

While the $3.5 billion price tag has raised concerns among some politicians, military officials argue that the investment is necessary for national security. Critics claim that Peru should prioritize other sectors, such as education and healthcare, but proponents of the deal emphasize the long-term benefits of maintaining a modern air force. They argue that neglecting defense could expose the country to security vulnerabilities, especially in a region where military capabilities are rapidly advancing.

Furthermore, the potential for industrial cooperation through this deal could create jobs and boost the local economy, particularly in the aerospace sector. The deal may also attract foreign investment, as Peru’s military partnerships with countries like the United States and France strengthen.

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