Ukraine is showing a keen interest in acquiring French Rafale fighters, reflecting its desire to diversify its defense choices. However, various technical constraints and production capacities could slow down this ambition.

Growing interest in defensive diversity

In an interview with Le Monde following his recent meetings with French representatives, Ukraine’s Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba expressed a growing desire to strengthen military cooperation between the two nations. His admiration for France’s support in such diverse fields as military, humanitarian, diplomatic and economic affairs was clearly stated.

France’s training of Ukrainian pilots

Beyond simple material acquisitions, France is committed to supporting Ukraine in the advanced training of its pilots. A recent announcement by General James Hecker indicated that Ukrainian pilots would be trained to maneuver the F-16 using French Air Force equipment, notably the Alpha Jet.

Unlimited defensive ambitions

While Ukraine is delighted with its collaboration with the USA on the F-16, it has no desire to limit its arsenal. Kuleba talks of working in collaboration with other nations producing the latest generation of aircraft. He sees France’s eventual supply of the Rafale as a long-term strategic investment.

France’s technical challenges

Ukrainian aspirations, however, face significant challenges.

• The Mirage 2000C: Once considered an option, this jet has limited capabilities compared with current Russian aircraft. Its potential lies more in intercepting Iranian kamikaze drones or Russian cruise missiles. However, the limited number of aircraft available raises questions about the profitability of this investment.
• The Rafale: far more modern, but with limited availability. Despite plans to expand the Rafale fleet, the Dassault factory is working at full capacity to meet current orders, in particular due to contracts with Greece and Croatia.

The prospect of a Rafale-equipped Ukrainian fleet

The hurdles are many, but the possibility of Rafales flying Ukrainian colors is not out of the question. President Macron’s interest in this sale had already been underlined in 2021 during a discussion with Ukrainian President Zelenskyy.

Consequences of the issues outlined:

A strengthened Franco-Ukrainian defense partnership could significantly change regional dynamics. Equipping Ukraine with modern fighter jets such as the Rafale would send a strong signal to potential adversaries and allies alike, strengthening its strategic position in Eastern Europe.

Ukraine’s desire to diversify and strengthen its defensive arsenal is clear. While the technical and logistical challenges are undeniable, the current diplomatic momentum suggests that this Franco-Ukrainian partnership could become a reality. Only time will tell whether Rafales will fly under Ukrainian colors, but the mutual interest is palpable and could redraw the contours of international defense cooperation.

Fly a jet fighter is the fighter jet experience specialist.